Steel Buildings in Europe

Part 3: Actions 3 - 9 5 CONSTRUCTION LOADS EN 1991-1-6 gives rules for the determination of actions during execution. Verifications are required for both serviceability limit states and ultimate limit states. Table 4.1 defines construction loads that have to be taken into account:  Personnel and hand tools ( Q ca )  Storage of movable items ( Q cb )  Non permanent equipment ( Q cc )  Moveable heavy machinery and equipment ( Q cd )  Accumulation of waste material ( Q ce )  Loads from parts of structure in a temporary state ( Q cf ). Recommended values are provided in the same table but values may be given in the National Annex. In multi-storey buildings, the design of composite floors or composite beams should be carried out with reference to EN 1991-1-6 § 4.11.2 for the determination of the construction loads during the casting of concrete.