Steel Buildings in Europe

Part 2: Concept Design 2 - 9 Figure 1.9 Horizontal composite panels and ‘ribbon’ windows 1.4 Design requirements Design requirements for single-span buildings are presented as follows: 1.4.1 Actions Permanent actions Permanent actions are the self weight of the structure, secondary steelwork and cladding. These may be calculated from EN 1991-1-1. Typical weights of materials used in roofing are given in Table 1.4. If a roof only carries normal imposed roof loads (i.e. no suspended machinery or similar) the self weight of a steel frame is typically 0,2 to 0,4 kN/m 2 when expressed over the plan area of the roof.